DATA SYNTHESIS: Search queries returned 88,393 studies based on the aforementioned keywords; 4,561 studies were selected by crossing chosen keywords. After applying inclusion criteria, four studies were selected from 182 eligible titles. Most studies found that aerobic and resistance training improves body composition, lipid profile and metabolic and inflammatory status of obese children and adolescents; however, the magnitude of these effects is associated with the type, intensity and duration of practice.

Method A literature review was performed, focusing on studies that reported the effects of exercise on several metabolic variables involved in childhood obesity. The databases used for this review were PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science. The descriptors applied were: Obesity, Children Obesity, Childhood Obesity, Exercise and Physical Activity. The electronic search was based on studies published from April 2010 to December 2013. Therefore, we aimed to focus on the most current findings in the literature on the subject.

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Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled studies involving the pediatric population around 12 years old, published in English, which associated the effects of physical exercise on metabolic variables associated with childhood obesity. Prashanth Hits Tamil Mp3 Songs Download here. Initially, after a wide selection, the articles were systematically read, analyzed and listed, aiming to confront the variables of interest in the study with the literature findings. Shows the design of the study selection. Physical exercise, metabolic rate and lipid profile The results of this review demonstrate the effect of systematic and targeted physical exercise on metabolic variables associated with childhood obesity.,, - The evidence associates the practice of exercises to body composition improvement, promoting physiological potentials that involve positive changes regarding the promotion of health and physical fitness.

The main physiological and metabolic effects resulting from both acute and chronic exercise, in general, are: increase in skeletal muscle mass, strength and proprioception gain, decrease in fat stores, increase in caloric expenditure, increased metabolic rate at rest, increased tolerance to glucose use as energy substrate, improved insulin sensitivity, decreased inflammatory state, among others.,, The increase in energy expenditure secondary to physical exercise occurs by stimulating the metabolic reactions and the enhancement of energy substrate use by active muscles. This occurs both acutely and by physiological adaptations that stimulate metabolism throughout the day. Leisure activities of moderate intensity and practiced for fun for 12 weeks were effective in attenuating dyslipidemia and hemodynamic factors associated with the worsening of the health status of obese children, with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 40 kg/m². A study carried out by Escalante et al reported that physical exercise can reduce low-density lipoproteins (LDL) by 35% and triglycerides by 40%, and increase high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in up to 25%. Therefore, exercise is considered by many authors as the main tool to attenuate the damage associated with childhood obesity.,, Makni et al evaluated the correlation between the 6-minute walk test and the use of fat as an energy substrate (FatMax) in 131 obese children (12.4±0.4 years).

The study showed that the distance traveled during the test correlated significantly with the maximum heart rate achieved at the end of the walk, with this correlation being positive for boys (r=0.88) and girls (r=0.81). Thus, the researchers demonstrated that the field test is capable of quantifying the lipolytic rate of the obese child, i.e., how much the child is able to metabolize fat as an energy substrate, which makes the walk test a good clinical tool to estimate caloric expenditure. Tribot Mindstorm Program on this page. In the absence of an ergospirometer, this simple field test could be used to estimate VO 2max and stratify aerobic physical training loads in obese young individuals.

20 It is noteworthy, therefore, the beneficial role of exercise in regulating the lipid profile of obese children and as an attenuator of risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome, a pathological condition that involves, in addition to the dyslipidemic and obesogenic characteristics, the presence of hypertension, insulin resistance and altered fasting glucose.,,,. Physical exercise and inflammatory status It is known that one of the characteristics of obesity is triggering a systemic inflammatory process caused by a regulatory hormonal dysfunction arising mainly from increased release of proinflammatory cytokines in the bloodstream, even during physical exercise.